Bioinformatics Mock Test 7

10%

Question 1 of 10

1. The tree construction process is somewhat similar to that used UPGMA.

True

False

Question 1 of 10

Question 2 of 10

2. Because these ancestral character states are not known directly, multiple possible solutions may exist. In this case, the parsimony principle applies to choose the character states that result in a minimum number of substitutions.

True

False

Question 2 of 10

Question 3 of 10

3. The basic assumption of the UPGMA method is that all taxa evolve at a constant rate and that they are equally distant from the root, implying that a molecular clock is in effect.

True

False

Question 3 of 10

Question 4 of 10

4. Which of the following is incorrect statement about Choosing Substitution Models?

For constructing DNA phylogenies, there are nucleotide substitution models available

There is one substitution at a particular position, in divergent sequences

The evolutionary divergence is beyond the ability of the statistical models to correct

The statistical models used to correct homoplasy are called substitution models or evolutionary models

Question 4 of 10

Question 5 of 10

5. DNA sequences are sometimes more biased than protein sequences because of preferential codon usage in different organisms.

False

True

Question 5 of 10

Question 6 of 10

6. In a heuristic tree search, only a small subset of all possible trees is examined.

True

False

Question 6 of 10

Question 7 of 10

7. Which of the following is a wrong statement?

Prokaryotes include bacteria and Archaea

In Prokaryotes, The gene density in the genomes is high, with more than 90% of a genome sequence containing coding sequence

Prokaryotes have relatively large genomes

Prokaryotes have relatively small genomes

Question 7 of 10

Question 8 of 10

8. The unweighted method treats all mutations as equivalent.

True

False

Question 8 of 10

Question 9 of 10

9. Which of the following is incorrect about Bootstrapping?

The robustness of the original tree can be assessed here

A newly constructed tree is not biased at all

It is a statistical technique that tests the sampling errors of a phylogenetic tree

It does the tests by repeatedly sampling trees through slightly perturbed datasets

Question 9 of 10

Question 10 of 10

10. Corrects for unequal evolutionary rates between sequences by using a conversion step. This conversion requires the calculations of “r-values” and “transformed r-values” using the following formula ______

d_AB’ = (d_AB/3) − 1/2 × (r_A + r_B)

d_AB’ = d_AB − 1/2 × (r_A + r_B)

d_AB’ = d_AB − 1/4 × (r_A + r_B)

d_AB’ = d_AB − 1/3 × (r_A + r_B)

Question 10 of 10